Past Exhibition Andy Warhol: Stars of the Silver Screen

June 16–September 24, 2017

A collection of black and white photographs of celebrities surround a photo album with the word photographs. — Andy Warhola's childhood movie star scrapbook, ca. 1938–42, The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh, founding collection, contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.

Discover Andy Warhol’s fascination with Hollywood, fame, and stardom through the artist’s artworks and personal belongings.

Andy Warhol’s lifelong infatuation with fame is traced from the earliest movie star scrapbook he started when he was a young boy to a Frank Sinatra biography that was on his bedside table when he died in 1987. As a child, Warhol sent away for fan photos and devoured movie magazines, surrounding himself with images of the stars he loved. This practice continued into adulthood, and he eventually accumulated a profusion of photographs, movie posters, and other memorabilia.

Warhol channeled his obsession with celebrity and Hollywood into an array of media and art forms: from his earliest drawings and Pop paintings, to his publications and films, and finally to the television series he hosted at the end of his life. In the process, his works not only paid homage but also increased a subject’s celebrity. This trajectory ultimately culminated in Warhol himself becoming one of the most famous and enduring stars of all.

This exhibition considers celebrity through hundreds of archival items from The Warhol’s vast collection of Warhol’s personal items and related artworks. Through paintings, prints, drawings, photographs, publications, film excerpts, television episodes, and video diaries, Andy Warhol: Stars of the Silver Screen traces Andy Warhol’s journey from fan to starmaker and star.

The exhibition is curated by The Warhol’s Curator of Film and Video Geralyn Huxley and Matt Wrbican, The Warhol’s archival consultant and former chief archivist.

Andy Warhol: Stars of the Silver Screen is generously supported by Cadillac.

Collecting Hollywood

Warhol was an obsessive collector. His earliest collection was probably the dozens of movie-star photographs he acquired as a child, and he continued to acquire images of celebrities past and present throughout his life. In the 1970s, when Hollywood studios were emptying their vaults, Warhol attended auctions to find photographic treasures. He purchased many photographs depicting celebrities past and present from the great collector John Kobal, and received others as gifts or discovered them at antique stores and flea markets.

Star Scrapbook

Warhol’s desire to “look at the stars” was ignited while attending his neighborhood cinemas with his brothers in gritty, industrial 1930s Pittsburgh. Born to a poor but close-knit Byzantine Catholic family, young Andy Warhol absorbed images of both the saintly icons on the altar of his local church and the glamorous stars he saw in the movies at his neighborhood cinema. Both would influence his life and art. The photo album Warhol created as a boy remained a treasured possession of his for his entire life.

Glamour and Gossip

A pencil sketch of a young woman with dark hair gazing upward toward the left corner of the page. The words “To Maybelline-- The eye makeup I find so truly flattering. Always, Hedy Lamarr” are handwritten across her chest. — Andy Warhol, *Hedy Lamarr*, 1962
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, Contribution Dia Center for the Arts
© The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
1997.1.16

Hollywood has been a subject in Warhol’s artwork since early in his career. Warhol began using images of Hollywood icons in the 1950s. During the early 1960s, he painted personalities whose faces were as recognizable as everyday consumer products. Selecting source material from his growing photo collection, Warhol created works glorifying teen idols such as Troy Donahue, as well as more established movie stars like Marilyn Monroe and Elizabeth Taylor. Several of his films were subversive dramatizations of Hollywood scandals. Later in his career, Warhol revisited celebrity subjects for commissioned portraits, print series, and magazine illustrations.

A screen print featuring rows of a repeated image of Natalie Wood in black ink. The headshots of the smiling actress overlap in some places, creating dark patches in the piece. — Andy Warhol, *Natalie*, 1962
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, Contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
© The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
1998.1.53

Teen Idols

In the early 1960s, Warhol made repeated images of movie stars using rubber stamps. Dissatisfied with the results and wanting “something stronger that gave more of an assembly-line effect,” he employed his newest discovery, the photographic silkscreen process. He used this technique to print multiple images of popular teen idols Troy Donahue, Warren Beatty, Natalie Wood, and Tuesday Weld onto canvas. He treated his subjects no differently than consumer objects: both advertise products currently in fashion but perpetually at risk of obsolescence.

A page from a sketchbook in which two small portraits have been taped. Features of the woman in each of the portraits have been labeled with initials. — Andy Warhol, *Female Movie Star Composite*, ca. 1962
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, Contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
© The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
1998.1.2282

Female Movie Star Composite

Sophia Loren’s hairline, Marlene Dietrich’s eyes, Greta Garbo’s nose, Joan Crawford’s lips: Warhol created collages that combine the individual facial features of stars in what seems an effort to piece together the ideal beauty. Warhol was not only drawn to the world of Hollywood; he was also fascinated by the transformation that lay behind the scenes, often exploring this in his life and art. Warhol’s movie-star collages from the early 1960s demonstrate his idealistic belief in the possibilities of personal transformation.

Celebrity Magnet

In this black and white photograph, Andy Warhol stands against a blank background wearing a hooded jacket and dark sunglasses, an indifferent expression on his face. — Andy Warhol, *Self-Portrait*, 1963
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, Contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
© The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
TC21.73.192

Although shy, Warhol was infatuated with fame, and was a deeply social person who enthusiastically engaged with the people around him. He unfailingly attended parties and cultural events, where he could circulate with both luminaries and the public. Wearing Ray-Bans and a black leather jacket, Warhol cut a stylish image of New York underground cool in magazines and news stories. In the 1970s, Warhol’s nightly forays to the legendary nightclub Studio 54 cemented his celebrity aura and provided a flow of wealthy clients for his flourishing business of commissioned portraits. Here, he traded in his leather jacket for a tux, and was seen with everyone from Liza Minnelli to the newest starlets.

1969 cover of the first issue of Interview: a monthly film journal. — *Interview - Vol. 1, no. 1 (1969)*, 1969
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, Contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
© Brant Publications, Inc.
1998.3.6318.1

Interview Magazine

Warhol is said to have started Interview magazine in 1969 to receive more invitations to movie screenings. Initially titled inter/VIEW: A Monthly Film Journal, it was filled with film reviews, discussions, and tributes to glamorous former stars, replete with stills from classic cinema. Interview’s focus later expanded to embrace other aspects of popular culture, including fashion, art, music, television, gossip, and celebrity nightlife. Asked who read the publication, Warhol replied, “Our friends. And whoever is on the cover.” Richard Bernstein designed nearly all of the magazine’s covers between 1972 until 1989, colorfully airbrushing photographs of each month’s featured star.

The Artist as Star

Beginning with self-portraits he created in college, Warhol made his own image one of the primary motifs of his artistic career. In various styles of dress, wigs, and poses, Warhol modeled hundreds of times for his own and others’ photographs. Creating “Andy Warhol” as an image, icon, and brand was in some ways Warhol’s ultimate work of art.

Superstars

When Warhol began making his own films in 1963, he gathered his own company of regular players. These performers were not professional actors but charismatic personalities who gravitated to the artist’s circle. Warhol dubbed them “Superstars” as a nod to the Hollywood star system. Unlike the action-packed plots of traditional cinema, the adventures of Warhol’s Superstars were the activities of daily life—chatting with friends, lounging in bed, cutting hair, getting dressed, going out. The allure of this hip, alternative world contributed to Warhol’s growing fame.

Andy Warhol, Myths: The Shadow, 1981
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, Contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
© The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
1998.1.2452.10

Myths

For his Myths print series (1981), he selected ten American popular-culture icons, including Greta Garbo as “The Star” and Margaret Hamilton of The Wizard of Oz as “The Witch.” The profile he chose for himself was “The Shadow,” referencing the 1930s radio program whose sinister hero (voiced by Orson Welles) spooked listeners.

I made my earliest films using, for several hours, just one actor on the screen doing the same thing…People usually just go to the movies to see only the star, to eat him up, so here at last is a chance to look only at the star for a long as you like.

Andy Warhol, POPism: The Warhol Sixties, 1980

A blue creamer featuring child star Shirley Temple’s face and signature in white. — *Shirley Temple Cobalt Creamer*, 1930s
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
2000.2.2807

A photograph of an old book cover. A man in a suit and turban stands before a crystal ball, and the words “Chandu the magician” appear in the space around his head in orange text. — Harry Earnshaw, Vera Oldham, *Chandu the Magician*, 1935
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, Contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
TC69.40

Billy Name, International Velvet, ca. 1967
The Andy Warhol Museum, Pittsburgh; Founding Collection, Contribution The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc.
T904
© Billy Name Estate / Courtesy Dagon James